Final answer:
a) Walking heel-to-toe. b) Tandem walking backwards, with eyes closed. c) Walking backwards on a narrow board, balance beam. d) Hopping on one foot. The general techniques described are exercises used to test and improve balance. They include walking heel-to-toe, tandem walking backwards with eyes closed, walking backwards on a narrow board or balance beam, and hopping on one foot.
Step-by-step explanation:
The general techniques described in the question are specific exercises used to test and improve balance. These techniques are commonly used in physical therapy and rehabilitation programs, as well as in fitness training.
Walking heel-to-toe (a) is a technique used to assess balance and coordination. This involves walking in a straight line, placing the heel of one foot directly in front of the toe of the other foot with each step.
Tandem walking backwards, with eyes closed (b), challenges balance and proprioception. It involves walking backwards in a straight line with one foot directly in front of the other, while keeping the eyes closed.
Walking backwards on a narrow board or balance beam (c) further challenges balance and coordination. This technique requires walking backwards on a narrow surface, which requires precise control and stability.
Hopping on one foot (d) is a technique used to improve balance and strength. This exercise involves hopping on one foot while maintaining stability and control.