Final answer:
A delayed decrease in heart rate following exercise is a predictor of coronary artery disease, indicating potential dysfunction in vascular homeostasis.
Step-by-step explanation:
A delayed decrease in heart rate during active post-exercising recovery is a powerful predictor of coronary artery disease (Option B). The heart rate recovery period after exercise is an indicator of cardiovascular fitness and the efficiency of an individual's cardiac response to physical activity. When the heart rate does not decrease rapidly after ceasing exercise, it may suggest a dysfunction in vascular homeostasis and could signal underlying cardiovascular issues, including coronary artery disease. Regular physical activity is beneficial as it has been shown to reduce several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension, high cholesterol, and excess body weight, while improving the mechanical efficiency of the heart and exercise tolerance.