Final answer:
The management system adopted in the US in response to the Industrial Revolution was scientific management, or Taylorism, introduced by Fredrick Taylor to improve efficiency and profitability in manufacturing by reducing wasteful movements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The system of management adopted in the US in response to the Industrial Revolution was scientific management. Initiated by mechanical engineer Fredrick Taylor, this style, also known as "stop-watch management," focused on dividing manufacturing tasks into short, repetitive segments and prioritized efficiency and profitability. The idea was to analyze and improve work processes by cutting down on wasteful movements, which in turn, would lead to increased productivity and higher profitability for factory owners.
Scientific management, or Taylorism, became influential in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as industrial production surged and competition intensified. Fredrick Winslow Taylor, through his book 'The Principles of Scientific Management,' advocated for the meticulous study of tasks and the standardization of work processes for greater efficiency. Although not universally popular among workers due to the reduction in their autonomy and the disregard for personal interaction, these principles were adopted by many American businesses seeking to optimize their output and maintain a competitive edge in the rapidly evolving industrial landscape.