Final answer:
The authoritative parenting style, amongst those proposed by Diana Baumrind, leads to the most positive behavioral traits in children, fostering high self-esteem and social competence.
Step-by-step explanation:
When evaluating which of the following parenting styles outlined by Diana Baumrind is associated with the most positive behavioral traits in childhood development, the answer is D) Authoritative. Authoritative parenting is characterized by reasonable demands and consistent limits, warmth and affection, and an understanding of the child's perspective. Rules are set and explained, and there is flexibility when appropriate. This style leads to children developing high self-esteem and good social skills.
In contrast, the Authoritarian style might promote obedience but can result in anxious and unhappy kids. The Permissive style offers nurturing and love but can lead to a lack of self-discipline and negative academic outcomes. Lastly, the Uninvolved style is detrimental as it may lead to children who are emotionally withdrawn and at a higher risk for negative behaviors such as substance abuse.