Final answer:
During closed-loop motor control, sensory feedback is first sent to the cerebellum and the basal ganglia, where it is used to compare intended commands with actual motor performance and adjust movements as necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
During closed-loop motor control, sensory feedback is first sent to the cerebellum and the basal ganglia. Here's how the process works: the motor commands from the cerebral hemispheres travel along the corticospinal pathway, which passes through the pons. Collateral branches of these fibers synapse on neurons in the pons, which then project into the cerebellar cortex through the middle cerebellar peduncles. Sensory feedback ascending through the inferior cerebellar peduncles provides information about motor performance, which is then compared to the intended motor command by the cerebellar cortex. If there's a mismatch, the cerebellum can adjust the descending input accordingly. Additionally, the basal ganglia, interconnected with the cerebellum, also plays a significant role in adjusting movements. Therefore, the correct answer to the question,
During closed-loop motor control, sensory feedback is first sent to which brain structures?
is A) Cerebellum and basal ganglia.