Final answer:
There will be a shortage of 30 units in the market because the demand exceeds the supply, leading to disequilibrium. However, the market is likely to adjust over time and reach equilibrium as prices change in response to the discrepancy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Given the scenario where consumers are willing and able to purchase 100 units and sellers are willing and able to sell 70 units, it can be deduced that there will not be a surplus. A surplus would imply that sellers have more units available than consumers want to buy. Instead, there will be a shortage of 30 units in the market because the demand from consumers exceeds the supply by sellers. The correct statement is B) There will be a shortage of 30 units in the market. Since the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied, the market is currently in disequilibrium. However, markets tend to adjust over time through changes in price; therefore, D) The market is in disequilibrium but will adjust over time is also a True statement. Eventually, the price is expected to rise to eliminate the shortage as sellers recognize they can charge more due to increased demand, balancing the quantity supplied and demanded, and moving towards equilibrium.