Final answer:
Menstruation and the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle correspond to the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, which involves the maturation of an ovarian follicle and the rebuilding of the uterine lining.
Step-by-step explanation:
The menstruation and proliferative phase of the uterine cycle correspond to the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle. Menstruation marks the shedding of the endometrial lining and typically occurs in the early days of the follicular phase, when hormone levels such as progesterone, FSH, and LH are low. The proliferative phase, starting after menstruation ends, involves the rebuilding of the endometrial lining under the influence of rising estrogen levels, which is produced by the granulosa and theca cells of the maturing ovarian follicles.
During these uterine phases, the ovarian cycle is also in its follicular phase, where a follicle and its egg mature due to rising levels of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone). After the proliferative phase and at the end of the follicular phase, ovulation occurs, when the egg is released and the ovarian cycle transitions into the luteal phase, although this is not directly part of the query.