Final answer:
The endocrine system has more long-lasting and wide-spread effects in the coordination and control of the body than the nervous system, as it regulates growth, reproduction, metabolism, and homeostasis over extended periods.
Step-by-step explanation:
In assessing which system has more long-lasting and wide-spread effects in the coordination and control of the body, it is important to understand the roles of both the nervous and endocrine systems. The nervous system is known for its rapid response and specificity, sending both chemical and electrochemical signals through intricate networks of neurons. This allows for quick reactions to changes in the environment. Meanwhile, the endocrine system is slower acting because it uses hormones that circulate through the bloodstream to reach various parts of the body.
However, when it comes to long-term effects, the endocrine system has a more profound impact. Hormones released by the endocrine system regulate development, growth, reproduction, and metabolism, and their effects can be sustained over longer periods. In contrast, nervous system signals are typically fast but short-lived. Overall, while the nervous system is crucial for immediate reactions, the endocrine system is responsible for long-term physiological regulation and maintaining homeostasis.
Based on this information, we can conclude that b) Endocrine system has more long-lasting and wide-spread effects in the coordination and control of the body.