Final answer:
The structure responsible for transporting sperm from the testes to the abdominal cavity is the vas deferens. The pathway includes maturation in the epididymis, and then the vas deferens carries the sperm to the ejaculatory duct. The false statement regarding the male reproductive system is that the prostate gland is located in the testes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure that transports sperm from the testes to the abdominal cavity is the vas deferens. The vas deferens, also known as ductus deferens, begins at the epididymis in the scrotum where sperm mature and are stored. Once sperm have developed flagella, they leave the epididymis and travel through the vas deferens. The vas deferens carries the sperm behind the bladder, where it joins with the duct from the seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct. This pathway is integral for sperm to eventually reach the urethra for ejaculation.
When the facts about the male reproductive system are considered, we find that statement 'd' in the provided options, which suggests that the prostate gland is located in the testes, is false. The prostate gland is actually located below the bladder and surrounds the urethra and is not found within the testes.