Final answer:
Menstruation, also known as the menstrual period or menses, refers to the shedding of the uterine lining along with blood when fertilization does not occur.
Step-by-step explanation:
The flow of blood and tissues passing out of the vagina during a woman's period is called menstruation. This process is also referred to as the menstrual period or menses. Menstruation is a part of the menstrual cycle, which is a monthly series of changes that occur in the female reproductive system.
During this phase, the endometrium of the uterus, which has thickened during the previous phase to prepare for a potential pregnancy, is shed. If fertilization of the egg does not occur, the lining of the uterus breaks down, and blood along with other tissues pass through the vagina and out of the body. This process is crucial as it prepares the uterus for the next cycle.
The correct answer to the student's question is c) Menstruation.
The flow of blood and tissues passing out of the vagina during a woman's period is called menstruation. This occurs if fertilization has not taken place during the preceding menstrual cycle. Menstruation is the first phase of the uterine cycle.
During menstruation, the endometrium of the uterus, which has built up during the preceding cycle, degenerates and is shed from the uterus. The average loss of blood during menstruation is about 35 mL. The flow of blood is often accompanied by uterine cramps.