Final answer:
The emphasis in both Georges de La Tour's "Joseph the Carpenter" and Artemisia Gentileschi's "Judith and Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes" is created using contrast, particularly through chiaroscuro and tenebrism techniques for dramatic effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
In both Georges de La Tour's "Joseph the Carpenter" and Artemisia Gentileschi's "Judith and Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes", emphasis is created by using contrast. This contrast may come through the use of differing levels of light and darkness, known as chiaroscuro, which can provide a powerful, dramatic effect. For instance, Gentileschi applies Caravaggio's tenebrism technique to produce high contrast with a limited light source, infusing the scene with drama and tension, as seen in how the candlelight illuminates the faces and golden dress against the dark background. Similarly, de La Tour employs a soft light to highlight Joseph's face and hands, contrasting with the surrounding shadows.