Final answer:
Automation is used to increase productivity and alleviate humans from mundane or physically strenuous tasks by replacing them with technology. This automation includes tasks like bookkeeping and assembly line work, and is deeply linked with the emerging field of AI which may both solve and create labor market issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
In addition to increased productivity, automation may be used to relieve human operators from hot, boring, and highly fatiguing jobs.
The concept of automation refers to the use of technology, such as computers and robotics, to perform tasks that were traditionally done by humans.
By automating routine and repetitive tasks, businesses can achieve higher levels of efficiency and allow workers to focus on more complex and rewarding work.
Examples include automated bookkeeping, clerical work, and the operation of machinery on production lines such as those described in the context of Taylorism.
In modern times, supermarkets with self-scan checkout aisles also serve as an example of how automation can reduce the need for a large number of cashiers.
As the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI) progresses, the potential for automation to transform the workforce further is profound, both alleviating labor issues and potentially disrupting current job markets.
However, the integration of technology and human labor requires careful consideration of ergonomics to ensure a good fit between machines and their human operators, reducing the risk of workplace injuries and improving overall job satisfaction.
While there are potential downsides, such as job displacement and the need for specialized training, the hope is that regulation and guidelines will facilitate a smooth transition into this new era of increased automation.