Final answer:
The formulas for the conjugate bases of the given acids are: ClO₄⁻, HPO₄²⁻, PH₃, and HS⁻.
Step-by-step explanation:
The conjugate base of an acid is formed by removing a proton (H+) from the acid. Here are the formulas for the conjugate bases of the given acids:
a. HClO₄ conjugate base: ClO₄⁻
b. H₂PO₄⁻ conjugate base: HPO₄²⁻
c. PH₄⁺ conjugate base: PH₃
d. H₂S conjugate base: HS⁻
The conjugate base of an acid is what you get when the acid donates a proton (H+). Here are the conjugate bases for each given acid:
a. HClO4: The conjugate base is ClO4- as it loses one H+.
b. H2PO4-: The conjugate base is HPO42- as it loses one H+.
c. PH4+: The conjugate base is PH3 as it loses one H+.
d. H2S: The conjugate base is HS- as it loses one H+.