Final answer:
Early civilizations in Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India were primarily determined by coastal areas and rivers, which provided fertile plains and valleys for agriculture and settlement. Option B is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The location of the early civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India were determined primarily by rivers and fertile valleys. The correct answer to the question is B. Coastal areas and rivers. In Egypt, the civilization developed along the Nile River valley due to the fertile land and annual flooding that deposited nutrient-rich soil conducive for agriculture.
Similarly, Mesopotamian civilization emerged between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, in an area known as the Fertile Crescent, with its irrigation systems supporting early urban centers. In China, the Yellow and Yangtze rivers supported early cultures, with a diverse geography that provided fertile plains and river valleys which were favorable for settlement and agriculture.
Lastly, the civilizations of India were greatly influenced by the Indus and Ganges river valleys, which provided a rich agricultural base for societal development.
The geographic features that determined the location of the early civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India were coastal areas and rivers. In Mesopotamia, irrigation systems drew water from rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates, supporting urban centers.
China, with its major river systems like the Yellow and Yangtze, offered advantages and challenges to meeting daily life necessities. Egypt, located along the Nile River, benefited from its spring flooding that brought nutrients and water. India had distinct geographic zones, including the fertile river valleys of the Indus and Ganges Rivers.