Question

The perinatal nurse knows that changes in the pelvic floor musculature that normally occur in labor include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A. Eversion of the anus
B. Exposure of the internal rectal wall
C. Pulling downward on the levator ani muscles
D. Rectum drawn upward and backward
E. Thinning of the perineal body

Answer 1

During labor, changes in the pelvic floor musculature include thinning of the perineal body, rectum being drawn upward and backward, and pulling downward on the levator ani muscles.

Step-by-step explanation:

Changes in the Pelvic Floor Musculature During Labor

During labor, there are several changes that occur in the pelvic floor musculature:

• Thinning of the perineal body: The perineal body, which is the area between the vagina and anus, undergoes thinning to allow for easier passage of the baby's head.
• Rectum drawn upward and backward: The rectum is pulled upward and backward to make space for the baby's head.
• Pulling downward on the levator ani muscles: The levator ani muscles, which make up a large part of the pelvic floor, are pulled downward to aid in the descent of the baby's head.

These changes allow for the baby to pass through the birth canal during vaginal delivery.