Final answer:
Option (B), Age-related cognitive ability declines are compensated by cognitive reserve, which can be bolstered through mental and physical activities, cognitive rehabilitation, and a healthy lifestyle.
Step-by-step explanation:
Age-related losses in cognitive ability can be compensated through cognitive reserve. Cognitive reserve is a concept that describes the mind's resilience to neuropathological damage. Throughout our lives, we build this reserve through mental and physical activities, which can delay the onset of cognitive decline associated with conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
Engaging in cognitive rehabilitation and maintaining a healthy and active lifestyle, including following a Mediterranean diet and reducing exposure to harmful environmental factors, are strategies that can help build cognitive reserve.
Cognitive reserve can mitigate cognitive impairment, and the use of increasingly sophisticated technologies such as virtual reality is being explored for cognitive rehabilitative methods. These approaches align with the understanding that mentally and physically stimulating activities are associated with less cognitive decline, reduced incidence of mild cognitive impairment, and lower occurrence of dementia.