Final answer:
Caregivers and family members are the primary perpetrators of elder maltreatment, which can take various forms including physical, sexual, and psychological abuse, as well as neglect and financial exploitation. Risk factors for abuse include caregiver stress, depression, and financial dependence on the elder.
Step-by-step explanation:
In most cases of elder maltreatment, the perpetrators tend to be those closest to the victims, such as family members and caregivers. Research indicates a range of factors that contribute to the likelihood of abuse including inexperience, stress, and a history of depression in the caregiver. Additionally, financial dependence on the elder may also increase the risk of abuse.
It's important to note the five major categories of elder abuse as identified in studies: physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological or emotional abuse, neglect, and financial abuse or exploitation. Unfortunately, elder abuse is believed to be underreported, and its prevalence could be higher than estimated, with reports suggesting that as many as one in ten elderly individuals have suffered some form of mistreatment. Factors such as dementia further increase the risk of elder maltreatment.