Final answer:
The 1966 revolution that Mao called on young people to rebel and resulted in schools and universities being closed is known as the Cultural Revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 1966 revolution that Mao called on young people to rebel and resulted in schools and universities being closed is known as the Cultural Revolution. Mao launched this event to save the revolution and restore the vitality of communism in China. Students formed groups called 'Red Guards' and were guided by quotations of Mao to purge remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society.