Final answer:
Research suggests that genetics play a primary role in the cause of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), although the specific genes and mutations involved are still being studied. Environmental factors, such as exposure to airborne toxins, have also been explored. However, the precise causes of ASD remain largely unknown.
Step-by-step explanation:
The causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are largely unknown, but research suggests that genetics play a primary role. Variants of several genes have been found to correlate with the presence of ASD. However, for any given patient, many different mutations in different genes may be required for the disease to develop. Additionally, some studies have explored the potential role of environmental factors, such as exposure to airborne toxins, but definitive answers have been elusive.
It is important to note that a research paper in the 1990s falsely linked autism to a common vaccine, but follow-up studies have since shown no connection between vaccines and autism.
Overall, while research highlights genetics as the primary factor in ASD, the complex nature of the disorder warrants further investigation of various factors, including genetics and environment.