Final answer:
The Virginia Plan suggested a two-house legislature with representation based on state population, favoring larger states. It also proposed creating executive and judicial branches appointed by the legislature.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Virginia Plan proposed during the Philadelphia Convention advocated for a national legislature based on proportional representation. Specifically, the plan suggested a two-house legislature, where both the lower and upper houses would have representation based on state population. This design favored larger states with more people, as they would receive a greater number of representatives in the national legislature. Such states included Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. The Virginia Plan also called for the creation of executive and judicial branches to be appointed by the legislature, a departure from the Articles of Confederation.
In contrast, the New Jersey Plan proposed a unicameral legislature with equal representation for each state, which was more favorable to smaller states. Ultimately, the conflict between the two plans was resolved by the Connecticut Compromise, which led to the current bicameral structure of Congress, consisting of the Senate with equal representation for all states and the House of Representatives with representation based on population.