Question

Understand that genes include 'coding' (exons) and 'noncoding' DNA (which includes a variety of transcribed proteins: functional RNA (i.e. tRNA), centromeres, telomeres, and introns. Recognize that many functions of 'noncoding' DNA are yet to be determined.

Options:
A) All functions of 'noncoding' DNA are well-established and known.
B) The distinction between 'coding' and 'noncoding' DNA is irrelevant to gene function.
C) 'Noncoding' DNA includes various transcribed proteins, and all of its functions are fully understood.
D) Many functions of 'noncoding' DNA, such as centromeres and telomeres, are yet to be determined.

Answer 1

Noncoding DNA includes various transcribed proteins and has functions that are yet to be determined. The distinction between coding and noncoding DNA is relevant to gene function.

Step-by-step explanation:

Noncoding DNA refers to the regions of DNA that do not encode proteins or stable RNA products. While some functions of noncoding DNA are known, many functions are yet to be determined. Noncoding DNA includes various transcribed proteins, such as functional RNA (e.g. tRNA), centromeres, telomeres, and introns. These noncoding DNA regions play roles in gene regulation, chromosome structure, DNA packaging, chromosomal stability, and phenotype. It is important to note that the distinction between coding and noncoding DNA is relevant to gene function, as introns are transcribed but not translated into functional proteins. Therefore, option D is the correct answer: Many functions of noncoding DNA, such as centromeres and telomeres, are yet to be determined.