Final answer:
Loose association in thinking involves disorganized and illogical thought patterns. It is commonly seen in certain psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mental phenomenon that involves disorganized and illogical thought patterns is loose association in thinking. This is a symptom commonly seen in individuals with certain psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia.
Loose association in thinking refers to a disturbance in the normal thought process, where the connection between ideas becomes weak or absent. It can result in fragmented speech, jumping from one topic to another without logical transitions, and difficulty maintaining a coherent train of thought.
For example, a person experiencing loose association in thinking may say, 'I went to the store yesterday, and then the weather is nice, do you like pizza? My dog is brown.' The thoughts are not logically connected, and it may be challenging to follow the person's line of thinking.