Final answer:
The original question is unclear due to a lack of context, thus it cannot be answered as asked. However, in the provided references, key points include that an amendment requires three-fourths of the states to ratify it, the relationship between transformer turns is variable, and nitrogen typically has two electron shells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'Old rule of thumb how many turns by hand?' is lacking context and does not provide enough information for a definitive answer. However, this could be related to the process of tuning something manually, where a common guideline is to adjust it by a certain number of turns. Nonetheless, without a specific context, it cannot be answered accurately.
Regarding the provided reference information:
- Thirteen states must ratify an amendment for it to become law, which is option B: three-fourths.
- A transformer can have an equal, more, or fewer number of primary and secondary turns, which means there isn't a single answer to this question without further context.
- If a compass makes four complete revolutions around a planar magnet, it does not conclusively indicate the number of poles the magnet has since a compass reacts to the magnetic field and would continue to turn as long as it's being moved in a circular path around the magnet.
- The angle covered by the hour hand moving from 12 to 3 is 90 degrees.
- Nitrogen has an atomic number of seven and likely has two electron shells.