Final answer:
The Aachen Cathedral, consecrated in 805 in Aachen, Germany, is a masterpiece of Carolingian architecture, reflecting the classical revival of Roman styles influenced by churches like San Vitale in Ravenna. Charlemagne commissioned it to signify his power and connection to the Roman past, and it combines various architectural styles through its history, including Gothic additions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aachen Cathedral Overview
The Aachen Cathedral, known initially as the Palatine Chapel, is located in Aachen, Germany. It was consecrated in 805, and its construction was ordered by Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, who commissioned the architect Odo of Metz. It is renowned for being one of the oldest cathedrals in Europe and is an outstanding example of Carolingian architecture and the classical revival of the Roman style. The exterior of the chapel is characterized by its lower two stories, which remain from the original Carolingian structure. The Aachen Cathedral's design follows the basilica style, with a nave, aisles, transepts, and apse, displaying a cross-like shape.
The interior of the cathedral is equally remarkable, featuring various architectural and artistic elements from different periods. The original octagonal core, inspired by churches like the San Vitale Chapel in Ravenna, is adorned with columns and marble stones brought from Rome, creating a visual connection to the Roman past. Over the centuries, the cathedral underwent Gothic renovations, adding elements such as the choir area, high altar, and distinctive towers. The church is not only a place of worship but also serves as a repository of history, housing Charlemagne's throne and a relic of the cloak of St. Martin.
Hailed as both outstanding and creative architecture and at times considered the strangest-looking building, the Aachen Cathedral remains a testament to the architectural ambition and religious fervor of the time. Its historical and cultural significance transcends architectural analysis, representing the desire of Charlemagne to assert his connection to the Roman Empire and reinforce his authority as a ruler.