Final answer:
The nurse can opt out of joining or paying fees to the union based on right-to-work laws enabled by the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse accepting a position at a large trauma center that is unionized but does not want to join the union or pay fees would be allowed to opt out based on the right-to-work law. The passage of the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947 gave states the power to enact right-to-work laws, which allow workers to choose not to join a union in their workplace even if one is present. This act shifted the legal climate, making it less encouraging for union formation and enabling non-union members to work in unionized environments without having to pay union dues.