Final answer:
a. is structured and goal-directed. The effective use of the nursing process is dependent on structured and goal-directed communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effective use of the nursing process is dependent on communication that is structured and goal-directed. This means that communication should follow a specific framework and have a clear purpose in order to efficiently and effectively meet the needs of both the patient and the nurse.
For example, in the nursing process, communication should involve gathering relevant information from the patient, setting goals for their care, implementing interventions, and evaluating the outcomes. Each step requires clear and structured communication to ensure that the patient's needs are met and that the nurse can provide appropriate care.
Communication that is spontaneous and affords mutual self-disclosure may be useful in certain therapeutic contexts, but in the nursing process, it is important to maintain a goal-directed approach to ensure that the patient's healthcare needs are met successfully.