Final answer:
Dividing employees into groups based on the commodities that a company offers is known as product departmentalization, which enhances specialization and efficiency within departments.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of departmentalization, dividing employees into groups based on the commodities that a company offers is known as product departmentalization. This organizational structure facilitates specialization and efficiency by grouping jobs related to the same product or service together. For example, major grocery stores in the United States are organized into various departments such as dairy, meats, produce, bread, cereals, and other specific food categories. Each department focuses on a particular set of products, allowing employees to specialize in their area of expertise, enhancing performance and customer satisfaction.