Final answer:
The correct option is C). Communism is a system where the government owns and controls all means of production under a centralized authority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The economic and political system that calls for public ownership of virtually all enterprises under the direction of a strong central government is Communism. In a communist system, the state owns and controls all means of production, which includes factories, resources, and enterprises. The economy is a planned or command one, where the types and quantities of goods produced, as well as the prices for them, are determined by the government. This is in contrast to other economic systems such as capitalism, where individuals own resources, which is known as a market economy, or socialism and mixed economies, which may feature a combination of government control and market forces.