Final answer:
The long-term appraisals of the worth of an idea held by individuals, known as values, are a true reflection of their beliefs and influence behavior and cultural norms, which can vary across societies. True.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that long-term appraisals of the worth of an idea held by individuals are called values is true. Values indeed represent the long-standing appraisals that people use to determine what they consider good, important, or worthwhile. More than just personal preferences, values are deeply rooted beliefs that influence our behavior and our evaluations of others' behavior.
For example, the American value of wealth being good and important is deeply embedded within the society, and it influences how people view success and the efforts they make to achieve it. Philosophers often refer to this as the fact-value distinction, which differentiates what actually is happening (facts) from what people believe should be happening (values) based on their assessment of what is good or beneficial.
Values contribute to the formation of an ideal culture, which is a set of standards that a society aims to live by. However, the real culture may not always reflect these values perfectly, as there is often a gap between ideals and practice. Cultural values also vary across different societies, affecting behaviors such as physical closeness in public.