Final answer:
Brazil allowing certain product components to be imported at reduced tariff rates is an example of preferential tariffs, a type of protectionist policy intended to promote industrialization by providing advantages to certain types of imports.
Step-by-step explanation:
In an effort to attract assembly operations, Brazil allows certain product components to be imported at reduced tariff rates. This practice is an example of preferential tariffs. These tariffs are lower rates than those normally charged on imported goods, and they are used as a means to encourage certain economic activities or to promote industrialization within the country. Protectionist policies like high tariffs seek to shield domestic industries from international competition, which can lead to increased monopoly power and, without competition, can result in poor quality and high prices. Brazil once treated its computer industry as an infant industry, imposing high tariffs to block imports and foster domestic production, though it later phased out such policies due to inefficiencies and lack of global competitiveness.