Final answer:
The attraction toward a member of the same sex is known as homosexuality. Sexual orientation encompasses a range of attractions, including heterosexuality, bisexuality, and asexuality. The terms 'gay' and 'lesbian' are often used to describe homosexual individuals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The attraction that a person experiences toward a member of the same sex is called homosexuality. Sexual orientation refers to an individual's enduring physical, romantic, and/or emotional attraction to another person. This can include heterosexuality, which is the attraction to individuals of the opposite sex; homosexuality, the attraction to individuals of the same sex; bisexuality, the attraction to individuals of either sex; and asexuality, a lack of sexual attraction or desire for sexual contact.
It is important to note that sexual orientation is distinct from gender identity and can be fluid over time. Societal attitudes, such as heteronormativity and heterosexism, can influence how individuals perceive and express their sexual orientation. The terms 'gay' and 'lesbian' are commonly used to describe homosexual men and women, respectively.