Final answer:
The employment setup where Peter and Paul are performing the same job but at different times exemplifies Job Sharing. In contrast, the socio-economic trend where there is a growing divide between high-end and low-end jobs with a reduction in middle-level opportunities is known as polarization. The correct option is C)
Step-by-step explanation:
Peter and Paul working on the same tasks but at different times is an example of Job Sharing. This employment setup allows multiple individuals to split the duties and responsibilities of a single full-time job. Unlike Job Enlargement, which involves increasing the number of tasks for an employee, or Job Enrichment, which entails enhancing a job to make it more satisfying or rewarding, job sharing is a work arrangement that focuses on dividing work between two or more employees.
Concerning the provided reference question, the practice where the differences between low-end and high-end jobs become greater, and the number of people in the middle levels decreases, is known as polarization. This socio-economic trend results in the creation of more high-wage and low-wage jobs but fewer opportunities for those in middle-income roles, often due to technological advancements or global economic changes. Meritocracy, outsourcing, and structural unemployment are terms that relate to other aspects of the labor market or organizational structures.