Final answer:
Commissions are A) extrinsic motivators as they represent external rewards for achieving a specific goal, like acquiring a new client for the business. Similarly, Carl's payment for mowing the yard is an extrinsic motivator, with money being the external reward for his work.
Step-by-step explanation:
For Andre, the commissions he receives when gaining a new hardware store as a client are an example of an extrinsic motivator. Extrinsic motivation stems from external rewards or incentives such as money or recognition. In contrast, an intrinsic motivator is a driving force that comes from within the individual, such as personal satisfaction or enjoyment of the task. Similarly, when Carl mows his neighbor's yard for $20, he is primarily driven by extrinsic motivation because he is being paid for his services, which is a tangible reward. Extrinsic factors like fixed salaries, bonuses, and commissions can have complex interactions with intrinsic motivation, potentially reducing the pleasure derived from an activity over time. However, other studies indicate that some forms of extrinsic reinforcement, such as verbal praise, may not undermine, and can even enhance, intrinsic motivation. Moreover, when considering the nature of incentives that appeal to concerns about a cause, purposive incentives are those that motivate individuals due to the alignment of the activity with their personal values or goals.