Final answer:
The two main requirements for public water systems using surface water are filtration to remove particles and disinfection to kill harmful microorganisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two fundamental requirements for a public water system using surface water are filtration and disinfection. These processes are critical in ensuring the safety and quality of drinking water. Filtration is used to remove small particles, such as dust, parasites, bacteria, viruses, and chemicals, by passing the surface water through layers of sand, gravel, and charcoal. This is often followed by the process of disinfection, where chlorine or other disinfectants are added to kill any remaining harmful microorganisms and ensure the water is safe for consumption. The aim of these processes is to comply with the standards set by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) for the provision of safe drinking water in communities.
The two fundamental requirements for a public water system using surface water are Filtration and disinfection.
Filtration is the process of passing water through layers of sand, gravel, and charcoal to remove dissolved particles, such as dust, bacteria, viruses, and chemicals.
Disinfection is the process of adding chemicals, typically chlorine or chloramines, to kill any remaining pathogens in the water and make it safe to drink.