Final answer:
Each branch of the U.S. government has a distinct role and checks on the other branches. The Legislative Branch makes laws and can override vetoes, the Executive Branch enforces laws and can veto legislation, and the Judicial Branch interprets laws and can declare actions unconstitutional.
Step-by-step explanation:
The U.S. Constitution established three branches of government, each with unique roles and checks and balances. The Legislative Branch (Makes the laws) has powers like impeachment and overriding presidential vetoes, serving as a check on the Executive Branch, which is responsible for Enforcing the laws. An example of this is the ability of Congress to pass a law over a presidential veto by securing a two-thirds majority. The Executive Branch can also veto legislation, thus checking the Legislative Branch. Furthermore, it has a role in foreign affairs, but requires the Senate's consent to ratify treaties. The Judicial Branch (Interprets the laws) has the power of judicial review to hold actions of the other two branches unconstitutional, which constitutes a significant check on both the Legislative and Executive Branches.
Each branch is subject to additional internal and external checks. For instance, the Executive and Legislative Branches can nominate and confirm federal judges, influencing the judiciary. Moreover, the Supreme Court's decisions are scrutinized by various entities, maintaining a system of accountability and balance across the branches.
In conclusion, the separation of powers and checks and balances are fundamental to preventing any one branch from gaining too much power and ensure a balanced and accountable government reflective of different interests.