Final answer:
The main factor distinguishing programmed from nonprogrammed decisions is whether the decision is routine or novel. This is critical in a business context, where programmed decisions follow established processes, and nonprogrammed decisions require unique solutions. Cost/benefit analysis is a useful tool for complex decision-making. The answer is option c. Whether it's routine or novel.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most significant factor that determines whether a decision is a programmed or nonprogrammed decision is c. whether it's routine or novel. Programmed decisions are routine and repetitive, and they are typically dealt with by established processes or rules within an organization.
Nonprogrammed decisions are unique, non-recurring, and involve unique challenges that require a novel approach. Making choices involves everyday decisions as well, but these are less complex and are made with little conscious deliberation.
In business environments, complex decision-making might involve conducting a cost/benefit analysis, a method comparing potential sacrifices and gains. Within this analysis, considering marginal costs and benefits assists in determining the value of adding an additional unit to production or service delivery.
Overall, the decision-making context varies, and each business must adapt to different circumstances, which may include the uncertainty of outcomes, assessing costs and benefits, or even the changing conditions of a game.