Question

Leininger (1991) identified three nursing decision and action modes to achieve culturally congruent care. These modes are 'cultural care preservation or maintenance,' 'cultural care accommodation,' and 'cultural care repatterning.' When assessing patients during the admission process, the nurse utilizes

a. These action modes in a distinct order.
b. These action modes individually, one at a time.
c. Only one action mode per patient.
d. All these action modes simultaneously.

Answer 1

The three nursing decision and action modes identified by Leininger (1991) for achieving culturally congruent care are cultural care preservation or maintenance, cultural care accommodation, and cultural care repatterning. When assessing patients during the admission process, the nurse utilizes these action modes individually, one at a time.

Step-by-step explanation:

The three nursing decision and action modes identified by Leininger (1991) for achieving culturally congruent care are:

1. Cultural Care Preservation or Maintenance: This mode focuses on preserving and maintaining the patient's cultural beliefs, values, and practices. The nurse respects and supports the patient's cultural preferences in order to maintain their cultural identity.
2. Cultural Care Accommodation: In this mode, the nurse adapts and accommodates their nursing care to meet the patient's cultural needs. The nurse is flexible and sensitive to the patient's cultural practices and beliefs.
3. Cultural Care Repatterning: This mode involves helping the patient to modify their cultural practices or beliefs if they pose a health risk or are culturally inappropriate. The nurse collaborates with the patient to find culturally congruent alternatives that promote health and well-being.

When assessing patients during the admission process, the nurse may utilize these action modes individually, one at a time, based on the patient's specific cultural needs. The nurse may use one mode more prominently or use a combination of modes depending on the patient's situation, preferences, and the expected health outcomes. Therefore, the correct answer is b. These action modes individually, one at a time.