Final answer:
During the 16th century, a ruler willing to compromise on religion for peace and control was known as a Politique. Hence, the correct answer is option C.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the 16th century religious conflicts, a ruler who was willing to compromise on matters of religion in order to secure peace, stability, and control over his/her kingdom was known as a Politique. Figures such as Catherine de Medici and Elizabeth I were notable politiques. They sought to maintain religious peace through tolerance and political maneuvering amidst the turbulent times of the Protestant Reformation and the associated power struggles.