Final answer:
Monasteries had three major effects on Europe: centers of learning, refuges and administration centers, and economic powerhouses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The monasteries had three major effects on Europe:
- Centers of learning: Monasteries became major centers of learning and played a crucial role in preserving ancient texts and knowledge. Monks hand-copied books, including Christian theology and classical writings, preventing their loss.
- Refuges and administration centers: Monasteries served as refuges in times of crisis and became valued centers of administration. They provided training for priests, especially in newly converted areas.
- Economic powerhouses: Monasteries became economic powerhouses, owning large tracts of land and engaging in profitable ventures. They contributed to the economy through farming, animal husbandry, and selling their products.