Michelangelo's return to Florence was primarily driven by political and artistic motivations. In 1494, after the fall of the Medici family's rule in Florence, a period of political instability ensued.
During this time, the city experienced a brief period of republican government. Michelangelo, who had left Florence to pursue his artistic endeavors in Rome, saw an opportunity to contribute to the political and cultural developments in his hometown.
On top of that, Michelangelo's return to Florence was influenced by the commission for the marble statue of David. The commission, which initially was intended for another sculptor, was later offered to Michelangelo.
The completion of the iconic David marked a significant artistic achievement and solidified Michelangelo's reputation as a master sculptor.
Thus, his return to Florence was a convergence of political circumstances and artistic opportunities, reflecting the complex interplay between the artist's civic duty and his passion for creating enduring masterpieces.