Final answer:
True, Aristotle believed that the ultimate goal of human life is eudaimonia or flourishing, achieved through cultivating virtues and fulfilling one's unique purpose, with virtue being central to a fulfilling life.
Step-by-step explanation:
True: The goal of human beings, according to Aristotle, is "happiness" or eudaimonia, which is more accurately understood as "flourishing." This concept is part of Aristotle's ethical framework, which posits that all actions aim at some good, and the ultimate good or end (telos) of human life is eudaimonia. To achieve this state of flourishing, Aristotle suggests that we must cultivate virtues, which are habits of character assisting us in choosing preferable actions in given situations, thereby leading to a fulfilling life.
Aristotle's ethics are intricately tied to his understanding of the human purpose and the four causes. He believes that rationality is what distinguishes humans, and the perfection of reason through virtuous conduct leads to human flourishing. While virtue is central to achieving eudaimonia, Aristotle also acknowledges the importance of friendships, success, and external goods in contributing to a flourishing life.
In conclusion, the Nicomachean Ethics is a practical exploration of how to live a flourishing life, rooted in the development of virtue or aretê, which means "excellence." This excellence is determined by identifying and fulfilling one's unique function or purpose, leading to overall well-being and the embodiment of excellence in one's life.