Final answer:
A Peripteral temple is a classical temple surrounded by a single row of columns, partly open to the sky, with the Parthenon being a prime example.
Step-by-step explanation:
The classical temple that is wholly or partly open to the sky is a D) Peripteral temple. A peripteral temple is defined as being surrounded by a single row of columns. The Parthenon, designed by Iktinos and Kallikrates, is an excellent example of a peripteral temple, which was dedicated to the goddess Athena and showcases a culmination of style in Greek temple architecture. With its ionic colonnades and ordered interior, it stands as a pivotal structure within the Acropolis in Athens, demonstrating the symmetria that the Greeks sought in their architecture. Despite being largely intact, the Parthenon does not have a roof and thereby can be partially open to the sky.