Final answer:
The term describing an agitated and disorganized response is 'disarray', while 'homeostasis' represents the maintenance of internal equilibrium in an organism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes a state of agitation, disturbance of equilibrium, an intense, random, and disorganized response to stimulus is disarray. In contrast, homeostasis refers to the process by which a constant state of equilibrium is maintained within the body, despite changes in the external or internal environment. Homeostasis ensures that body functions remain stable by making necessary adjustments to bring the system back to a specific set point, facilitating normal body functioning and preventing disease.