Final answer:
The strength with which proteins bind to a cationic exchange column is indeed determined by the relative negative surface charge of the proteins, making the statement true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the strength with which proteins bind to the solid support in a cationic exchange column is determined by the relative degree of negative surface charge on each different protein is true. Cationic exchange chromatography separates molecules based on their charge. Proteins with a higher negative surface charge will bind more strongly to the positively charged solid support in a cationic exchange column, whereas proteins with less negative charge will bind less strongly and elute earlier. This differential binding allows for the separation of proteins based on their charge properties.