Final answer:
Neanderthals were the first to develop leather-making and the needle, which were crucial for creating fitted clothing during the Ice Age.
Step-by-step explanation:
The early people who were the first to develop leather-making and the needle, enabling them to flourish in the Ice Age, were c. Neanderthals. Around thirty thousand years ago, modern humans had developed the earliest known sewing needles made of bone. These innovations were essential for survival in the colder climates of the Ice Age, as they allowed for the creation of fitted clothing which provided better insulation against the cold.
It is important to note that Neanderthals are different from Homo erectus and Homo sapiens—the species responsible for most technological innovations following the Ice Age, including agriculture and the establishment of permanent settlements during the Neolithic period.