Final answer:
Père Lachaise was established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1804, with Alexandre Théodore Brongniart as its designer. The later redesign and modernization of Paris were undertaken by Baron Haussmann under Napoleon III in the 19th century.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cemetery of Père Lachaise was established by Napoleon Bonaparte. He sees the need for a new large cemetery in Paris and charges Alexandre Théodore Brongniart with the design. Père Lachaise opened in 1804, a time when Napoleon was actively involved in many aspects of French domestic policy.
As for the broader urban renewal of Paris, it was indeed Baron Haussmann, under Napoleon III, who was responsible for the grand redesign of the city in the 19th century.
This Haussmannization included the creation of broad boulevards, better sewer systems, and the modernization of Paris, transforming it into the 'City of Lights'. The development of Paris under Haussmann significantly changed the city landscape, influencing the social structure and even the art of the Impressionist movement.