Final answer:
The correct order from earliest to latest for the given buildings is: Pantheon, Palace of Diocletian, Arch of Constantine, and Hagia Sophia.
Step-by-step explanation:
To order the buildings from earliest to latest: the Pantheon, Palace of Diocletian, Arch of Constantine, and the Hagia Sophia, it’s important to know the dates they were completed or prominently utilized.
- The Pantheon in Rome was completed around 125 CE during the reign of Emperor Hadrian.
- Diocletian's Palace at Split was built by Emperor Diocletian for his retirement and was completed around 305 CE.
- The Arch of Constantine, situated near the Colosseum in Rome, was erected to commemorate Constantine I's victory at the Battle of Milvian Bridge and was dedicated in 315 CE.
- Hagia Sophia was constructed between 532 and 537 CE in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) under the direction of Emperor Justinian I.
Therefore, the correct order from earliest to latest is: Pantheon, Palace of Diocletian, Arch of Constantine, Hagia Sophia. The correct sequence is reflected in choice (a).