Final answer:
Benin art, originating from the ancient Benin Kingdom, is notable for its bronze sculptures and royal artifacts commissioned by the Oba.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Benin Kingdom, located in present-day Nigeria, is renowned for its artistry, especially the creation of detailed bronzes through the lost-wax casting technique. Artistic expression was closely aligned with the royal court, particularly the Oba, or king, who was both a spiritual and political leader. The Oba had exclusive authority to commission works of art, which held important ceremonial, political, and spiritual significance, reflecting the kingdom's hierarchy and societal values.
Crafted to honor the king and his lineage, these artifacts, including bronze heads, terracotta, ivory pendants, and plaques, exemplified the sophisticated skill of the Benin artisans. The intricately designed bronze heads, often found on royal altars, were thought to idealize the Oba's youth and beauty. Historically, these altars and artworks were cherished and maintained by successive generations of Obas until the British invasion in the 19th century, which led to the looting and scattering of Benin art across the globe.