Final answer:
The ancient Roman city of Timgad, founded around 100 CE, is an example of advanced Roman city planning with a stone plaza and grid pattern. In contrast, Neolithic Stone Circles in Ireland were built around 3000 BCE and served different purposes, possibly including astronomical observations. Both Timgad and the contemporaneous Mesoamerican Pyramids at Teotihuacan showcase the importance of urban planning and monumental architecture in early civilizations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ancient city plan of Timgad in Algeria, founded around 100 CE, is an example of Roman city planning and architecture. This city is known for its large stone plaza, grid patterns, and advanced urban planning, which are characteristic features of ancient Roman cities. The Romans were adept at constructing cities that could support a high density of population, facilitate trade, and showcase monumental architecture. Timgad is such an example where the Romans applied their engineering and organizational skills to create an efficient and habitable environment.
Moving through history, the Neolithic Stone Circle in Ireland from approximately 3000 BCE, such as Stonehenge, represents ancient efforts at creating structurally complex sites with potential astronomical significance. Comparing these with the well-planned city of Timgad shows the evolution of human construction, organization, and the development of societies with different needs and purposes.
Additionally, monuments like the Mesoamerican Pyramid in Teotihuacan that also dates back to around 150 BCE and possibly earlier, are indicative of the same era as Timgad and engage in complex urban planning. These ancient structures from different parts of the world reflect the regional diversity of architectural styles and the collective importance of design and planning in early urban societies.