Final answer:
The correct statement indicating understanding of making nutrient-dense food choices is the importance of eating a variety of fruits and vegetables for good health, reflecting knowledge of balanced and nutrient-rich eating.
Step-by-step explanation:
When educating an adolescent on making nutrient-dense food choices, they demonstrate understanding by choosing options that provide essential nutrients without excessive calories. The correct statement that indicates an understanding of the teaching is: "Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables is essential for good health." Nutrient-dense foods include options like fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and low-fat dairy, all of which are essential to a balanced and healthy diet. Consuming a variety of foods across all food groups not only ensures intake of essential nutrients but also helps in maintaining a healthy weight and overall well-being.